simpson



oooooooo '7 4 2 Sheets Sheet 1. J. H. SIMPSON. OF MAKING TURN BUGKLESNo. 402,692. Patented May 7,1889.

(No Model.)

I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. J. H. SIMPSON.

ART OF MAKING TURN BUOKLES.

PatentedMayV, 1889.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES H. sIMPsoN, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR ro CARNEGIE,

' PHIPPS & coMPANY, (LIMITED) or SAME PLACE.

ART OF MAKING TURN-BUCKLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 402,692, dated May 7,1889.

Application filed July '7, 1888. Serial N0.279,Z78. (N0 model.)

To all whom it "may concern.- I

Be it known that I, JAMES H. SIMPSON, of Pittsburg, in the county ofAllegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in the Manufacture of Turn-Buckles; and I do hereby declarethe following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of thisspecification, in which+ Figure 1 is an end view of a blank from which aturn-buckle is made according to my invention. Fig. 2 is a plan viewthereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross-section of the cuttingtools which Iemploy for cutting the blank to form the straps. Fig. 4 is a verticalcrosssection of the tools which I employ for spreading the blank when ithas been thus cut. Fig. 5 is a plan view of one of the dies which Iemploy for compressing the blank laterally. Fig. 6 is a verticalcross-section through the pair of such dies, showing an interposedblank, the section being on the line 3 y of Fig. 8. Fig. 7 is a planview of one of said dies in connection with the end-compressing dies,showing also an interposed turn-buckle in longitudinal section throughboth straps. Fig. 8 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line a; 00of Fig. 7. Fig. 9 is a plan view, and Fig. 10 a side View, of thefinished turn= buckle.

Like symbols of reference indicate like parts in each.

In the practice of my process I take a hollow blank, 2, of about thelength of the turnbuckle desired-such as shown in Figs. 1 and 2-whichblank is either a completely welded tube or a tube the edges of which,though preferably scarfed, have not been welded, (see Fig. 1,) and Iplace this blank on a support, 3, the concavity of which is of about thesame diameter as that of the blank for the turn-buckle, and by means ofknives at, which work toward each other, as shown in Fig. 3, I cutthrough the sides of the blank. The length of these knives is such as toproduce in the blank a cut of about the length desired for the straps ofthe finished buckle, and their cutting-edges are preferably concaved, sothat they shall not only cut the middle portion of place it while in aheated state in the cavity of the supporting-block 5, Fig. 4, and bymeans of a spreading or expanding mandrel, 6, having a wedge-shaped end,which enters the said cavity between the longitudinallycut portions ofthe blank, I spread these out portions until they have been expanded tothe lateral limits of the cavity of the block 5, and when thus spreadthe action of the mandrel closes and compacts the folded-in portions ofthe blank, reducing them to the form shown in Fig. 4.

The spreading of the blank is performed, preferably, by causing theexpanding-mandrel to enter the blank once while it is on its side, andthen reversing the blank and cansing it to enter the same on theopposite side, since this gives greater regularity to the finishedstraps. By the action of the knives 4 and the expanding-mandrel 6 thestrap portions of the blank are defined and partially formed; but theend portions, which form the nuts of the buckle, are not substantiallyaltered from the original tubular form of the blank. I now take theblank so formed and forge and shape it to the proper shape for thefinished buckle. This I do, preferably, by the dies 7. (Shown in Figs.5, 6,7, and 8.) There are two of these dies, which are arranged eitherhorizontally or Vertically, and which are provided with working-faces ofthe shape of the finished turn-buckle and with central tongues, 8, whichare adapted to fit in the cavity between. the straps of the buckle.There are also end dies consisting of tongues or mandrels 9, havingcollars 10 at their bases, which are fixed to suitable plungers, 11. Theexternal diameter of the tongues or mandrels 9 is substantially the sameas the internal diameter of the nuts of the turn-buckle, and they areadapted to enter the hollow end portions of the blank within the endcavities of the dies 7 and the collars 10, also entering said cavities,are adapted to engage the extremities of these hollow end portions. (SeeFig. 7.) The dies 7 and the plungers 11 are actuated by cams or othersuitable mechanism, which give to them a compressing action, and whenthe blank at a welding heat is placed between thorn the compression ofthe dies 7 edgewise upon the straps compresses and welds them solidly,and the end compression of the collars 10 upon the blank compresses theblank lengthwise, forcing the hollow end portions inward, and causingpart of the metal thereof to flow out laterally into recesses 12 in theend cavities of the dies, which are of proper shape and location toimpart the desirable strengthening-ridges to the buckle, as shown inFigs. 9 and 10. The tongues 8 of the dies meanwhile prevent distortionof the straps of the blank, and the tongues 9 prevent internaldistortion of the nuts. hen the blank is removed from the dies, it needsonly the removal of the thin shells of metal at the inner ends of thenut portions, either by punching or drillin The advantages ofmyinvention will be appreciated by those skilled in the art. Thedividing of the blank without exsect-ion. of the material thereofprevents weakening of the blank, and the folding in of the material addsto the compactness and solidity of the finished buckle.

In aprior application, Serial No. 7 2,7 56, filed May 4, 1888, I havedescribed and claimed, broadly, the manufacture of turn-bu ckles fromhollow blanks by dividing the middle portions thereof and then shapingthe buckle.

I do not herein desire to limit the process to the use of the particularinstrumentalities which I have shown for practicing it, since othertools may be employed; nor do I limit the steps of the process preciselyto those which I have shown and described; but

hat I claim as my invention is 1. An improvement in the art of makingturn-buckles, which consists in splitting a tubular or hollow blanklongitudinally between its ends and turning in upon themselves the outportions, substantially as described.

2. An improvement in the art of making turn-buckles from tubular orhollow blanks, which consists in forming the straps by splitting theblank longitudinally between its ends and turning in upon themselves andforging the cut portions without excising any of the substance,substantially as described.

3. An improvement in the art of making turn-buckles from tubular orhollow blanks, which consists in splitting the blank longitu dinallyfrom opposite sides between its ends without excision, folding in uponthemselves and forging the cut portions to form the straps, and forgingthe end portions to form the nuts,

' substantially as described.

4,. An improvement in the art of making turn-buckles from tubular orhollow blanks, which consists in splitting the blank longitudinally fromopposite sides between its ends without excision, folding in uponthemselves the cut edges of the blank to form the straps, spreading andcompressing the straps, and forging the end portions to form the nuts,sub stantially as described.

5. An improvement in the art of making turirbuckles from tubularblanks,'whichconsists in splitting the blank longitudinally between itsends and turning in upon themselves the cut portions and compressing theends lengthwise upon mandrels to form the nuts, substantially asdescribed.

6. An improvement in the art of making turn-buckles from tubular blanks,which consists in splitting the blank longitudinally between its endstoform embryotic straps and hollow nut portions, turning in uponthemselves the cut edges to form the straps, compressing and spreadingsuch strap portions, and compressing en dwise and shaping the nutportions upon mandrelsand within dies, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 7th day of June,A. l). 1888.

JAMES H. SIMPSON.

\Vitncsscs:

THoMAs W. BAKEwELL, \V. B. OORWIN.

